On the management and maintenance of non editorial

With the continuous application of computer technology in the field of television, nonlinearity has become the mainstream way of post production of TV programs. As one of the cores of TV stations, the importance of reliable operation of non editorial networks is self-evident. The safe and efficient operation of non-governmental organizations depends to a great extent on whether we manage and maintain them scientifically and reasonably in combination with reality. Now take Zhangjiagang TV station non editorial as an example to talk about the management and maintenance of non editorial

the structure and characteristics of non editorial

to do a good job in management and maintenance, we must first master the structure and characteristics of non editorial

1. System structure

Zhangjiagang TV station designed and built a non editing network in 2000. Based on the Windows NT 4.0 operating system, it is equipped with professional video and audio processing cards - digisuite sleeve card and digisuite Le card. Using dy3000 version 3.98 nonlinear software of Dayang company, it integrates, special effects, word screen, audio processing, synthesis, serial editing, film review, etc., realizing resource sharing and improving production efficiency, The functional requirements of post production of our program are well realized. Its structure is a typical double structure, as shown in Figure 1

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of non editorial structure

the network server is also the main domain server, which is responsible for the centralized management of users and workstations in the whole domain. At the same time, the non editorial management software NETMANAGE is installed to manage the non editorial network

SQL Server 7.0 is installed on the database server, and a database is built, which centralizes the path, authority, space, collection parameters and other data of departments, columns and users. The workstation accesses the database through ODBC, which is one of the cores of non networking

as the network center storage, the disk array has large capacity and high speed, which is used to store programs and material files for internal site sharing. The workstation with card is accessed directly through FC link, and the workstation without card is accessed indirectly through MDC server through Ethernet

mdc server is the file management server of fibre channel, and sanergy fibre network management software is installed. The card workstation in the network synchronizes the file name, file size, access control table and other data of the material through the MDC server, so as to access the optical fiber hard disk array, and the data is directly transmitted through the optical fiber; The card free workstation accesses the disk array through the MDC server, and the data is transmitted through FC and Ethernet links

card workstation refers to a highly configured computer installed with video and audio processing cards, which is mainly used for uploading and downloading materials and editing programs

there is no video and audio processing card on the card free workstation, and the configuration is relatively low, which can realize rough editing, dubbing, subtitle, dubbing, serial editing, film review and other functions

2. Main features

(1) dual acquisition

dual acquisition refers to the acquisition and coding of one video signal according to different compression ratios to generate two video avi files. Because an independent distributed directory management structure is nested inside the system to form centralized material management, and the material is identified by an internal unique identifier (GUID), so the frame accuracy of the two material files with different compression ratios is one-to-one corresponding. Among them, the low compression and high-quality files are provided to the card workstation, and the high compression and low-quality files are provided to the card free workstation. In this way, the overhead of shared disk array and network bandwidth can be reduced, more materials and sites can be used at the same time, which improves the efficiency and utilization rate, and enables the efficient and economic network non editing to be realized

(2) dual structure

the so-called dual structure adopts the structure of fc+ Ethernet coexistence and complementarity: high-speed and reliable FC fiber for transmitting low compression and high-quality video files and low-cost and easy to manage Ethernet for transmitting high compression and low-quality video files

in dual operation, the uploading workstation uploads the materials to the FC disk array at the same time with two compression ratios. When the workstation completes the production of the program with low-quality materials in 100M Ethernet, the pointer information is saved as a file. Due to the use of Ethernet management, the synchronization of video and audio materials on FC and Ethernet and the synchronization, cleaning, storage and other file management of materials can be realized. When the download workstation opens the saved pointer file, the software will call the high-quality material in FC to broadcast and download. Because the upload/download workstation and fine editing workstation are used to transmit high-quality video and audio images in real time, they must be connected with FC for high-speed access, and dubbing will also work towards higher annual output. These card free workstations do not have high requirements for video and audio quality, and can use low-quality image materials. Therefore, these three workstations do not need to be connected to FC, and only Ethernet can realize functional sites, so in the long run, the dual structure, It saves investment and has stronger expansibility

(3) file type and organization structure

media files of dy3000 non editing software are divided into information file CLP, video file avi, audio file WAV, program storyboard file SBF, graphic file tga/pbf, etc., which are stored in the designated information file path, video file path, audio file path, output 4. Exchange activities between the organization and government units and other XPS related industry associations; File path and graphic file path

dy3000 adopts the material management mode based on file rather than database. Each material corresponds to its own information file (CLP) and data file (video avi, audio WAV, graphic TGA, etc.) and is placed under the path set by the software. Due to the dual channel acquisition, each video material corresponds to an information file and two video files (high and low compression ratio). The information file records the basic index information of the material, including name, type, input and output point, length, corresponding data file name and other information, which is generated by the software; The data file is generated by the digital coding of video and audio signals by the board, including video and audio data. When entering the non programming software, the software will scan the information files and data files under the user path and display them in the material window in the form of material

dy3000 provides two modes: full management mode and path group mode. The former is convenient and the latter is flexible, which can be selected according to needs. The full management mode takes information, video, audio, output, graphics and text as the root directory, and each root directory is divided into departments, columns and user directories. After setting the path of the Department, the directory and path of its lower columns and users can be automatically established and set, corresponding to two-way acquisition. Each user sets two groups of paths with and without cards, which are used for workstations with and without cards respectively; The path group method can manually set the card path and card free path of each user. All operations of each user are carried out under their corresponding department path. This classified storage method can facilitate our search and permission management of data files. In addition, the software also has the function of path expansion, that is, it can increase the paths of other columns or users, so as to realize the sharing of materials and programs between users

management and maintenance of non editorial work

in the practice of management and maintenance of non editorial work, we have explored and summarized, accumulated some experience, and had several experiences and understandings, which are described below

1. Provide a good operating environment

the equipment is placed in the machine room for operation, and the machine room environment will directly affect the operating state of the equipment. The environment of the computer room mainly includes four factors: temperature, humidity, dust and voltage

if the temperature is too high, the components will have no time to dissipate heat and shorten their service life, and may even be damaged; If the temperature is too low, water vapor and dew will appear, which is also very detrimental to the equipment. Excessive humidity is prone to oxidation and mildew; If the humidity is too small, static electricity is easy to accumulate and endanger the equipment. After dust accumulates on the internal components of the equipment for a long time, it will cause adverse heat dissipation, make the computer unstable, and even crash frequently. If it becomes damp after forming dirt, it may cause local short circuit and damage the components. Unstable voltage will cause the computer to crash, restart, or even destroy the board and other hardware, and a sudden power failure may directly damage the equipment

in order to provide a good operating environment for the equipment, we have taken some measures: adjust the air conditioner to control the temperature of the machine room at about 22 ℃ and the humidity at about 50%; When entering the machine room, you must change slippers, do not bring sundries into the machine room, regularly clean the machine room, and regularly remove dust from the outside and inside of the equipment; UPS power supply is equipped to ensure the safety and uninterrupted power supply

2. Establish and strictly implement the management system and operation specifications

illegal operation is a major cause of equipment failure, which cannot be solved by technical means alone. It is necessary to establish management systems and operation specifications and strictly implement them. In this regard, we mainly have three experiences: first, the system norms should be clear, detailed and operable; Second, it should be implemented in place; Third, long-term attention should be paid. If this is not the case, the institutional norms will be a dead letter. On the contrary, it will cultivate good machine operation habits of users, which plays an important role in the safety and stability of the network

3. Do a good job in information archiving

there are mainly five types of information archiving:

* equipment archives: record the model, detailed configuration, serial number, purchase time, technical support and other information of the equipment, as well as major events of the equipment, such as the replacement of internal components, firmware upgrade and so on

* network topology diagram and machine room wiring diagram: the drawing should be accurate, detailed and clear, the equipment should be corresponding, and the line marks should be consistent. After network adjustment and line change, the chart should be updated synchronously in time

* setting record: record important setting parameters and change events of network, key equipment and key software

* fault record: record the occurrence time, phenomenon, cause, inspection and diagnosis process, solution, etc. of each fault for future reference, summary and analysis

* management log: a detailed record of the network operation during their working hours, so that the next shift of management personnel can quickly understand the network operation status of the previous period; At the same time, it is also convenient for future queries

with these archived information, it will be more convenient to manage and maintain, and it will be faster to analyze and deal with faults. At the same time, through the sorting and comparative analysis of the accumulated records, it will be of great help to find rules, predict faults and daily management and maintenance

4. Strict security management

(1) strictly set the operation authority of personnel

strictly allocate the authority of each user according to the actual needs. The principle of authority allocation is to minimize, that is, allocate the minimum authority that meets the use requirements. There are two levels of permission settings in non coding, one is the operating system, the other is non coding software

windows NT system has a strong security system and access control. You can use the policy maker, user manager, modify the registry and other methods to set permissions, such as hiding the desktop, control panel, Run menu; Users are not allowed to modify the registry; It is forbidden to install other software, etc. You can also specify detailed access rights to a directory and file for each user, but only if the disk uses NTFS file structure. For example, 1 and 2 have their own folders 1 and 2 respectively. We can set 1 pair of folder 1 to have rxwd permission, 2 pairs of folder 1 to have RX permission, and the setting of Folder 2 is the opposite. In this way, the material sharing between 1 and 2 is realized without interference, which is more convenient

the network management software NETMANAGE adopts the setting method of permission group, which can control the use permission of the software, the operation permission of the storyboard list, and the parameters